Dopamine receptor

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Dopamine receptors are "cell-surface proteins that bind dopamine with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells."[1]

Classification

D1-like receptors

These receptors stimulate adenylate cyclase.[2]

D1 receptors

D5 receptors

D2-like receptors

These receptors inhibit adenylate cyclase.[3]

Dopamine D2 receptors

Agonists, such as metoclopramide, are used as antiemetics.

Antagonists, such as risperidone and haloperidol, are used to treat schizophrenia.[4]

Blockade of the D2 receptors, which may be predisposed by genetic polymorphisms of the allele, may cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome.[5]

D3 receptors

Agonists of D3, especially nonergot agonists such as pramipexole and ropinirole, may be used to treat Parkinonism and restless legs syndrome.[6]

D4 receptors

Novelty seeing personality trait may be related to polymorphisms in the dopamine receptor D4 that affects dopamine activity in the tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic system.[7]

References

  1. Anonymous (2024), Receptors, Dopamine (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  2. Anonymous (2024), Receptors, Dopamine D1 (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  3. Anonymous (2024), Receptors, Dopamine D2 (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. Katzung, Bertram G. (2001). Basic & clinical pharmacology. New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill, 483. ISBN 0-8385-0598-8. 
  5. Kishida I, Kawanishi C, Furuno T, Kato D, Ishigami T, Kosaka K (2004). "Association in Japanese patients between neuroleptic malignant syndrome and functional polymorphisms of the dopamine D(2) receptor gene". Mol. Psychiatry 9 (3): 293-8. DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001422. PMID 15094790. Research Blogging.
  6. Baker WL, White CM, Coleman CI (2008). "Effect of nonergot dopamine agonists on symptoms of restless legs syndrome". Ann Fam Med 6 (3): 253–62. DOI:10.1370/afm.845. PMID 18474889. Research Blogging.
  7. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, OMIM®. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD. MIM Number: 601696 . World Wide Web URL: http://omim.org/.